Introduction au système nerveux - مدخل إلى الجهاز العصبي 🧠

Sa7ifaz - دروس الشبه طبي ✨💉

اخر تحديث :

الجهاز العصبي (Système nerveux) هو أحد أهم أنظمة جسم الإنسان، حيث يتحكم في جميع الأنشطة الحيوية والوظائف الجسدية والعقلية. يتكون من شبكات معقدة من الأعصاب والخلايا تُعرف باسم neurones.

🔍 تقسيم الجهاز العصبي:

Système nerveux central (SNC): يتكون من الدماغ (cerveau) والنخاع الشوكي (moelle épinière).

Système nerveux central

Système nerveux périphérique (SNP): يشمل جميع الأعصاب التي تخرج من الجهاز العصبي المركزي إلى باقي أعضاء الجسم.

Système nerveux central

🧠 مكونات الدماغ (Cerveau):

Hémisphères cérébraux: مسؤولة عن التفكير، الذاكرة، والقرارات.
Cervelet: مسؤول عن التوازن وتنسيق الحركات.
Tronc cérébral: يتحكم في الوظائف الحيوية مثل التنفس وضربات القلب.

Système nerveux central

🧬 الخلايا العصبية (Les neurones):

الخلية العصبية هي الوحدة الأساسية للجهاز العصبي. تتكون من جسم الخلية (soma)، ومحور عصبي (axone)، وتفرعات شجرية (dendrites). تنقل الإشارات الكهربائية إلى باقي الخلايا.

Système nerveux central

📡 كيفية عمل الجهاز العصبي:

يتم إرسال المعلومات على شكل إشارات كهربائية عبر synapses، وهي الوصلات بين الخلايا العصبية، باستخدام نواقل كيميائية مثل dopamine وsérotonine.

Système nerveux central

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'contactFormSendMsg': '\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644', 'contactFormToken': 'AOuZoY7afjoJOoCL7u7paZKlt11I6DIatw:1765678153540', 'submitUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/contact-form.do'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogView', new _WidgetInfo('Blog1', 'Tempnec', document.getElementById('Blog1'), {'cmtInteractionsEnabled': false, 'lightboxEnabled': true, 'lightboxModuleUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/jsbin/2738457072-lbx__ar.js', 'lightboxCssUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/v-css/828616780-lightbox_bundle_rtl.css'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList4', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('LinkList4'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList2', 'footer-social', document.getElementById('LinkList2'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));